Research Methodology

Explore diverse research methods and philosophical approaches, from dialectical reasoning to deconstruction, and learn to craft impactful research through bibliography, footnotes, and thesis development.

Research Methodology

1 Introduction to Research in General

  1. Research in General
  2. Research Circle
  3. Tools of Research
  4. Methods: Quantitative or Qualitative
  5. The Product: Research Report or Papers

2 Original Unity of Philosophy and Science

  1. Myth Philosophy and Science: Original Unity
  2. The Myth: A Spiritual Metaphor
  3. Myth Philosophy and Science
  4. The Greek Quest for Unity
  5. The Ionian School
  6. Towards a Grand Unification Theory or Theory of Everything
  7. Einstein’s Perennial Quest for Unity

3 Evolution of the Distinct Methods of Science

  1. Definition of Scientific Method
  2. The Evolution of Scientific Methods
  3. Hypothesis
  4. Theory-Dependence of Observation
  5. Scope of Science and Scientific Methods
  6. Prevalent Mistakes in Applying the Scientific Method

4 Relation of Scientific and Philosophical Methods

  1. Definitions of Scientific and Philosophical method
  2. Philosophical method
  3. Scientific method
  4. The relation
  5. The Importance of Philosophical and scientific methods

5 Dialectical Method

  1. Introduction and a Brief Survey of the Method
  2. Types of Dialectics
  3. Dialectics in Classical Philosophy
  4. Dialectics in Modern Philosophy
  5. Critique of Dialectical Method

6 Rational Method

  1. Understanding Rationalism
  2. Rational Method of Investigation
  3. Descartes’ Rational Method
  4. Leibniz’ Aim of Philosophy
  5. Spinoza’ Aim of Philosophy

7 Empirical Method

  1. Common Features of Philosophical Method
  2. Empirical Method
  3. Exposition of Empiricism
  4. Locke’s Empirical Method
  5. Berkeley’s Empirical Method
  6. David Hume’s Empirical Method

8 Critical Method

  1. Basic Features of Critical Theory
  2. On Instrumental Reason
  3. Conception of Society
  4. Human History as Dialectic of Enlightenment
  5. Substantive Reason
  6. Habermasian Critical Theory
  7. Habermas’ Theory of Society
  8. Habermas’ Critique of Scientism
  9. Theory of Communicative Action
  10. Discourse Ethics of Habermas

9 Phenomenological Method (Western and Indian)

  1. Phenomenology in Philosophy
  2. Phenomenology as a Method
  3. Phenomenological Analysis of Knowledge
  4. Phenomenological Reduction
  5. Husserl’s Triad: Ego Cogito Cogitata
  6. Intentionality
  7. Understanding ‘Consciousness’
  8. Phenomenological Method in Indian Tradition
  9. Phenomenological Method in Religion

10 Analytical Method (Western and Indian)

  1. Analysis in History of Philosophy
  2. Conceptual Analysis
  3. Analysis as a Method
  4. Analysis in Logical Atomism and Logical Positivism
  5. Analytic Method in Ethics
  6. Language Analysis
  7. Quine’s Analytical Method
  8. Analysis in Indian Traditions

11 Hermeneutical Method (Western and Indian)

  1. Sabda
  2. The Power (Sakti) to Convey Meaning
  3. Three Meanings
  4. Pre-understanding
  5. The Semantic Autonomy of the Text
  6. Towards a Fusion of Horizons
  7. The Hermeneutical Circle
  8. The True Scandal of the Text
  9. Literary Forms

12 Deconstructive Method

  1. The Seminal Idea of Deconstruction in Heidegger
  2. Deconstruction in Derrida
  3. Structuralism and Post-structuralism
  4. Sign Signifier and Signified
  5. Writing and Trace
  6. Deconstruction as a Strategic Reading
  7. The Logic of Supplement
  8. No Outside-text
  9. Differance

13 Method of Bibliography

  1. Preparing to Write
  2. Writing a Paper
  3. The Main Divisions of a Paper
  4. Writing Bibliography in Turabian and APA
  5. Sample Bibliography

14 Method of Footnotes

  1. Citations and Notes
  2. General Hints for Footnotes
  3. Writing Footnotes
  4. Examples of Footnote or Endnote
  5. Example of a Research Article

15 Method of Notes Taking

  1. Methods of Note-taking
  2. Card Style
  3. Note Book Style
  4. Note taking in a Computer
  5. Types of Note-taking
  6. Notes from Field Research
  7. Errors to be Avoided

16 Method of Thesis Proposal and Presentation

  1. Preliminary Section
  2. Presenting the Problem of the Thesis
  3. Design of the Study
  4. Main Body of the Thesis
  5. Conclusion Summary and Recommendations
  6. Reference Material